The origin of forestry in German-speaking Europe has defined silvicultural systems broadly as high forest ( Hochwald), coppice with standards ( Mittelwald) and compound coppice, short rotation coppice, and coppice ( Niederwald). Adaptive management is common in silviculture, while forestry can include natural/conserved land without stand-level management and treatments being applied. The distinction between forestry and silviculture is that silviculture is applied at the stand-level, while forestry is a broader concept. The focus of silviculture is the control, establishment and management of forest stands. Generally, silviculture is the science and art of growing and cultivating forest crops, based on a knowledge of silvics (the study of the life-history and general characteristics of forest trees and stands, with particular reference to local/regional factors). Silviculture also focuses on making sure that the treatment(s) of forest stands are used to conserve and improve their productivity. The study of forests and woods is termed silvology. The name comes from the Latin silvi- ('forest') and culture ('growing'). Silviculture is the practice of controlling the growth, composition/structure, as well as quality of forests to meet values and needs, specifically timber production. Practice of controlling forests for timber production
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